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2010.02.06
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Àý)°ú °ü·ÃµÈ Áúº´µéÀ» Ä¡·áÇϴµ¥ À־ ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇÀÇ È¿´É¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½Àº ¡°ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇÀÇ È¿Ç衱À̶õ ÁÖÁ¦·Î ¹Ì±¹ °Ë¾È ¾È°ú Çùȸ·ÎºÎÅÍ ÃâÆÇµÈ º¸°í¼­ÀÌ´Ù. º¸°í¼­ ¸¶Áö¸· ºÎºÐ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â 200°³°¡ ³Ñ´Â Âü°í¹®ÇåµéÀ» Âü°íÇÏ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.  Âü°í¹®Çå ¸ñ·Ï¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ÀÓ»ó ¿¬±¸, °úÇÐÀû ¿¬±¸µé, ±×¸®°í Àü¹®ÀûÀÎ ±â»çµéÀº ¸ÕÀú ¡°¸®ÆÛ¸®µå¡±µÈ °úÇÐ ÀâÁöµé¿¡ ½Ç·È´Ù. Áï, °¢ ±â»çÀÇ °úÇаú °¡Ä¡, ±×¸®°í ¿¬±¸ ¹æ¹ýÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀÌ ¸ÕÀú ¿ÜºÎ Àü¹®°¡µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °ËÅäµÆ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ºñÀü Å׶óÇǸ¦ µÞ¹ÞħÇØÁÖ´Â ¿¬±¸µé°ú ÀÓ»ó ¿¬±¸ º¸°í¼­ ¸ñ·ÏÀ» º¸±â À§ÇØ Âü°í¹®ÇåÀ» ÂüÁ¶Çϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.



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¸ðµç °Ë¾È¾È°ú´ëÇаú °Ë¾ÈÇб³¿¡¼­ ½Ã±â´É Àå¾ÖÀÇ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·á¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ À̷аú ÀýÂ÷µéÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡°í ÀÖ´Ù (9). ±×»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±¹°¡°Ë¾È½ÃÇè°ú ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ±¹°¡ ÀÎÁõ ±â°üµéÀº ½ÅûÀÚµéÀÌ ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ À̷аú ÀÓ»ó Áö½ÄÀ» °¡Á³´ÂÁö¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù.  
  

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ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ(¶Ç´Â ºñÀü Æ®·¹ÀÌ´×, ½Ã°¢±³Á¤¼ú, ½Ã·Â ÈÆ·Ã, ¶Ç´Â ´« ¿îµ¿À̶ó°íµµ ÇÔ)¶õ ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿ Àå¾Ö, ¾ç¾È½Ã ÀÌ»ó, Á¶ÀýÀå¾Ö, »ç½Ã, ¾à½Ã, ¾ÈÁøÁõ, ±×¸®°í ½ÃÁö°¢ Àå¾Ö(Á¤º¸Ã³¸®)¸¦ ±³Á¤ÇÏ°í ±×¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ Áõ»óµéÀ» °³¼±Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÓ»óÀûÀÎ Á¢±Ù ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ¿¡´Â ¼ö¼úÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ, ½Ã°¢ ±â´ÉµéÀ» °³¼±Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇàÇØÁö´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ä¡·á¹ýµéÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴ٠(11). Å׶óÇÇÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀº ½Å°æ»ý¸®ÇÐÀûÀÎ ¶Ç´Â ½Å°æ±ÙÀ̳ª °¨°¢ ½Å°æ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ½Ã ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö¸¦ Ä¡·áÇϰųª ±×¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ Áõ»óÀ» ¿ÏÈ­ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ´Â ½Ã°¢ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¿ÏÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇØ Àü¹®ÀÇÀÇ °¨µ¶ÇÏ¿¡ ÁÖÀÇ ±íÀÌ °èȹµÈ Ä¡·á¹ýµéÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ÀýÂ÷µé°ú µµ±¸µéÀº Áø´Ü¹ÞÀº »óÅÂ¿Í ±× ½É°¢¼º¿¡ µû¶ó °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ´Â ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ´« ±ÙÀ°À» °­È­Çϱâ À§ÇØ µµÀÔµÈ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ½Ã±â´É Àå¾ÖµéÀ» Ä¡·áÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚ°¡ ÃÖÀûÀÇ È¿À²¼º°ú ¾È¶ôÇÔÀ» ´©¸± ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Ä¡·á¹ýÀº ¾à½Ã¸¦ Ä¡·áÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¾È´ë¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °°ÀÌ ºñ±³Àû °£´ÜÇÑ °ÍÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶Ç´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ Àû¿Ü¼± °¨Áö±â¿Í ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¾È±¸ÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ ÆľÇÇÏ°í ¾ÈÁøÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Á¶ÀýµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ´«ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» ÁÙÀ̱â À§ÇØ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Çǵå¹éÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù.  »ç½Ã Ä¡·á¹ý¿¡´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ ±¤ÇÐ ±â°è¿Í ÀüÀÚ ±â°èµéÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ°Å³ª Ææ¶óÀÌÆ®³ª °Å¿ï°ú °°Àº °£´ÜÇÑ µµ±¸µéÀÌ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á¹ý°ú µµ±¸µéÀº ½Ã±â´É Àå¾ÖÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ÀÇ»çÀÇ ÀÓ»óÆÇ´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù.
  

*´©°¡ À¯ÀÍÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö Àִ°¡?

ºñÀü Å׶óÇÇ´Â ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿ Àå¾Ö, »ç½Ã°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ¾ç¾È coordination ¹®Á¦, Á¶Àý Àå¾Ö, »ç½Ã, ¾à½Ã, ±×¸®°í ¾ÈÁøÁõ°ú °°Àº ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖÀ» ½Ã »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Àå¾ÖµéÀº ±Ù½Ã¿Í ¿ø½Ã¿Í °°Àº ±¼ÀýÀÌ»ó ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î À¯º´·üÀÌ ³ô°í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ´« Áúȯµé(12-16) º¸´Ù ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹´Ù. ±×·¡ÇÜÀº(17) 4,000¸íÀÇ Çлý Áß °ÅÀÇ 4%°¡ »ç½ÃÀÓÀ» º¸°íÇÑ´Ù. ÀÓ»ó »ç·Ê Áß, Ç÷¡Ã³¿Í ½Ç¹ö¸Ç(18)Àº 1,100¸í Áß 8%°¡ »ç½Ã¶ó´Â Á¡À» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸µéÀÇ °á°úµµ µÎ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ¹àÇôÁø °á°úµé°ú À¯»çÇß´Ù(19).
¾à½Ã´Â Á¶°Ç¿¡ µû¶ó À¯º´·ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °á°ú°¡ ´Ù¾çÇÏ°Ô ³ª¿Ô´Ù. ³·°Ô´Â ¾à 2%(20)À̸ç, ³ô°Ô´Â Rand HIE º¸°í¼­¿Í ·Î½º, ¸ð¸®, ±×¸®°í ½ºÆ¼µå(22)¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ¹àÇôÁø ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ 8.3%±îÁö ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù. ±¹Á¦ ½Ç¸í ¿¹¹æ Çùȸ´Â ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­¸¸µµ ¸Å³â 127,000°ÇÀÇ ¾à½Ã°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÃßÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù(23).
»ç½Ã°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ, ¾ç¾È coordination ¹®Á¦´Â ´õ¿í ¸¹ÀÌ ÀϾ°í ÀÖ´Ù.  µàÅ©-¿¤´õ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¸é ´« ¸ðÀ½ºÎÁ· Çö»óÀº ¼ºÀÎ Áß 15%¿¡°Ô ÀϾ°í ÀÖ´Ù(24). ±×·¡ÇÜÀº(15) 13%¿¡°Ô »çÀ§(heterophoria) ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´°í, È£ÄÚ´Ù´Â(25) À¶ÇÕ ¶Ç´Â Á¶Àý ¹®Á¦°¡ ³ë¾ÈÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ÀÓ»ó Àα¸ÀÇ 21%¿¡°Ô ÀÖÀ½À» ¹àÇû´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °³¹ßµÈ ´º¿å ÁÖ ½Ã·Â °Ë»ç ¹èÅ͸®´Â ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿, ¾ç¾È ¹× Á¶Àý°ú ½Ã Áö°¢ ±â´ÉµéÀ» °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. 1,634¸íÀÇ ¾î¸°À̸¦ °Ë»çÇغ» °á°ú 53%¿¡°Ô ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖÀ½ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù(27).
¡°Æ¯º°ÇÑ¡± Àα¸¿Í °ü·ÃÇؼ­´Â ´« ÇùÀÀ·Â°ú ½Ã°¢Àû ó¸®¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ¹®Á¦µéÀÌ ´õ¿í ¸¹´Ù. Àбâ Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÀÌ Áß ¸¹°Ô´Â 80%°¡ ÇÑ °³ ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±âÃÊÀû ½Ã°¢±â´É Àå¾Ö¸¦ °®°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù(26). ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ±×¸®¼¤Àº(28) Àбâ Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº º¸Åë ¶Ç·¡ÀÇ ¾ÆÀ̵鿡 ºñÇØ 50%³ª µÇ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÌ Á¶Àý°ú À¶ÇÕ ´É·Â ¶Ç´Â ´« ¸ðÀ½°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ½Ã°¢Àû °áÇÔÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ú¼º¸¶ºñ ȯÀÚµéÀÇ °æ¿ì ³ô°Ô´Â 50%°¡ »ç½Ã Áõ¼¼¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù(29, 30).
û°¢ Àå¾Ö(31.32), Á¤¼­ Àå¾Ö(33), ±×¸®°í ¹ß´Þ¼º Àå¾Ö¸¦(34, 35) °¡Áø »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ôµµ ½Ã±â´É ¹®Á¦µéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ¸¹ÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¡Àº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇѵ¥, ±× ÀÌÀ¯´Â ÇлýµéÀÇ °ÅÀÇ 11%°¡ À§¿¡ ¾ð±ÞµÈ Àå¾Ö Áß Çϳª¸¦ °¡Áö°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù(36).
¿ì¸®ÀÇ »çȸ´Â ´õ ³ôÀº ±³À° ¼öÁØÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, ½Ã°¢ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀϵéÀ» °è¼ÓÇؼ­ »ý¼ºÇØ ³»°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¡Àº VDT »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÌ °Þ´Â ¹®Á¦µéÀ» º¸¸é ¸íÈ®È÷ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¼³¹® Á¶»ç¿¡¼­´Â VDT »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ 50% ÀÌ»óÀÌ ´«¿¡ ºÒÆíÇÔ ¶Ç´Â È帴ÇÏ°Ô º¸ÀÌ´Â Çö»óÀ»(37,38) °æÇèÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ±¹¸³ °úÇÐ ¾ÆÄ«µ¥¹Ì´Â(39)  VDT »ç¿ë ½Ã ÀϾ´Â µ¿¾È ¹× ¾ç¾È½ÃÀÇ º¯È­°¡ ±Ù°Å¸®¿¡¼­ ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â º¯È­¿Í À¯»çÇÏ´Ù°í °á·ÐÁö¾ú´Ù.

*¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿ ±â´Éµé°ú ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿Àå¾Ö¶õ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? [ÃßÀû ¹× ´«ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓ]
¼±¸íÇÑ ½Ã°¢Àº º¸°í ÀÖ´Â »óÀÌ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô Á߽ɿÍ(fovea)¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾îÁ® ÀÖ°í Á¤È®ÇÑ ¾È±¸ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀÌ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óŸ¦ À¯ÁöÇÒ ¶§ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ¾È±¸¿îµ¿ ¶Ç´Â ´«¿îµ¿ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡´Â ÁÖ½Ã, ÀüÁ¤¼º ¾È±¸¿îµ¿, ½Ã¿îµ¿¼º ¾È±¸¿îµ¿ optokinetic movements, ¾È±¸´Ü¼Ó¿îµ¿, ±×¸®°í ÃßÀû ¿îµ¿ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ(40).
°¢ ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò¿¡´Â ±×¸¸ÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ½Å°æÇغÎÇÐÀû ±âÁú ¹× ½Å°æ »ý¸®ÇÐÀÇ ±â´É(41)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶§¶§·Î ¿©·¯ ±¸¼º ¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹·Î½á, ÃßÀû ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿°è°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ü°èµé°ú »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÏ¿© ¾È±¸ ¾ÈÁ¤È­ ¶Ç´Â À§Ä¡ À¯Áö ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» An example of this occurs when the pursuit system interacts with other systems to create the ocular stabilization or position maintenance system (42) Çü¼ºÇÔÀ¸·Î ´«À» °íÁ¤½ÃŲ´Ù.
¹«ÀǽÄÀûÀ¸·Î ÀϾ´Â À²µ¿ÀûÀÎ ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿ÀÎ ¾ÈÁøÀº(Nystagmus) À̹ÌÁöµéÀ» °íÁ¤½ÃÅ°´Â(À§Ä¡ À¯Áö) ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀ» ¹æÇØÇÏ´Â ¿ä¼Òµé ¶§¹®¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¸ç ¾È±¸¿îµ¿ÀÇ(43) ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀÓ»ó ÆÐÅÏÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á᫐ ½Ã°¢ °íÁ¤ ´É·Â°ú Áß½É¿Í ¿µ¿ª(foveal area)¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¾È±¸ À§Ä¡ÀÇ »ó½ÇÀº º´ÀûÀÎ ¾ÈÁøÀÇ(nystagmus) ÇÑ °¡Áö Ư¡À̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Á᫐ ½Ã°¢ °íÁ¤ ±â´ÉÀÌ ¼Õ»óµÈ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ºÎ·ù´Â ¾à½Ã¸¦ °¡Áø ȯÀÚµéÀÌ´Ù. Á߽ɿͿ¡ À̹ÌÁö¸¦ ¾ÈÁ¤°¨ ÀÖ°Ô °íÁ¤½ÃÅ°Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â Áõ»óÀº ½Ã·Â ÀúÇϸ¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏ¸ç ±¼ÀýºÎµî¾à½Ã¿Í »ç½Ã¼º ¾à½Ã¸¦ °¡Áø »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ Ư¡µéÀº ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô(44-46) ¼³¸íµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ºñÁ¤»óÀûÀÎ ¾È±¸´Ü¼Ó ¿îµ¿°ú ¾È±¸ÃßÀû¿îµ¿Àº »ç½Ã¼º ¾à½Ã¸¦ °¡Áø »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª¸ç, ÀÌ´Â À§Ä¡ À¯Áö¸¦(47-49) À§ÇÑ ´Ü¾È ¿îµ¿ ÄÁÆ®·Ñ ¼¾ÅÍ¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ±â´É Àå¾Ö¿Í ¿¬°üÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.
¾ÈÁø ¶Ç´Â ¾È±¸ ¿îµ¿ÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì, Àб⸦ ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ÁֽøØÃã , ¿ªÇà¿îµ¿, ±×¸®°í ÁøÇà¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÓ»óÀû ÆǺ°ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ¾î·Á¿öÁø´Ù.
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